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The integration of princely states: a case study of jammu and kashmir, the integration of princely states: a case study of jammu and kashmir .
EVENTS LEADING TO ACCESSION
Though the Maharaja was in a dilemma about the accession of the state with one of the two newly created Dominions but the number of events occurred in quick succession which finally led to the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India.
Tribal invasions: On October 22, 1947, a large number of armed tribals (Pashtun) entered Muzaffarabad from where they resumed their progress along the Jhelum Valley road towards Srinagar. However, their march was temporarily checked at Uri through a brave resistance offered by about one hundred and fifty state soldiers under the command of Brigadier Rajinder Singh who was killed fighting a last ditch battle. However, the state forces collapsed to resist the attack and to tackle the situation Maharaja requested the Government of India for military help and to dispatch military force to counter the tribal attack. Though a meeting of Defense Committee on October 25, 1947 under the chairmanship of Lord Mountbatten in Delhi considered Maharaja’s demand for the supply of arms and ammunition but urged that it would not be possible to send in any troops unless Jammu and Kashmir had first offered to accede. Maharaja signed the instrument of accession on 26th Oct, 1947. Later on, on the basis of the information provided by V.P.Menon, military help was provided and the Indian Armed Forces airlifted to Srinagar who were successful in carrying out the rescue operation and pushed back the invaders. Meanwhile, the invaders also made a determined bid to occupy Ladakh. But it was saved owing to the superior strategy of the Indian Military. However, in the north of the region, Gilgit, a strategic area which was initially given on lease for sixty years to British by Maharaja Hari Singh, was also grabbed by the invaders. In January, 1948, India moved the issue regarding the occupation of Jammu and Kashmir territories by Pakistan to the U.N. which led to United Nations Security Council Resolution 47 of 21st April, 1948. Subsequently, an agreement of ceasefire called ‘The Karachi Ceasefire Agreement’ was signed between India and Pakistan in 1949. However, as a result of this ceasefire following the UN resolution, one-third territory of Jammu and Kashmir, comprising of Gilgit, Hunza, Baltistan, Rawalakot, Sudhanati, Neelam, Bhimber and Muzaffarabad-Kotli-Mirpur, remained under Pakistani occupation.
THE FORMATION OF JAMMU & KASHMIR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
In October 1950, the General Council of the National Conference passed a resolution recommending election to Constituent Assembly for the purpose of giving the State a Constitution that would determine the future of the J&K State. In May 1951, Karan Singh, in the capacity of the Regent, issued a proclamation convoking a Constituent Assembly on the basis of Universal Adult Franchise. The elections to the Constituent Assembly were accordingly held and the Assembly met for the first time in October, 1951.The constituencies were delimited on the basis of one member to forty thousand people and people were assured of free and fair exercise of their vote. Further, the Constitution of J&K came into force on 26th January 1957.
- Cyril John Radcliffe (March 1899- April 1977) was a British lawyer best known for his role in the partition of British India.
- Economic Blockade: Blocking of essential supplies.
- Dilemma: A situation in which you have to make a difficult choice between two or more things.
- Pashtun: People inhabiting Southern Afghanistan and NorthWestern Pakistan.
- V.P. Menon was an Indian Civil Servant who was the Constitutional Advisor and Political Reforms Commissioner to the last three Viceroys during the British rule in India.
- A unique feat in Ladakh was that of Major General Themayya who personally led the surprise attack by taking his tank to the snow covered Zoji-La pass on Ist November, 1948. He succeeded in driving out the entrenched invaders out of the region.
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JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States PDF Download
In the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States, new words related to the context are included. Accordingly, students can learn new words from Class 9 History Integration of Princely States and can improve their vocabulary skills. The vocabulary of Integration of Princely States is the main building block for helping students to talk in sentences without any complexity.
To know more about Integration of Princely States of Class 9 History, students can read the below discussion given on this page.
JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States PDF
The JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States PDF contains a set of digital pages which are compiled under one roof. Through this, students can easily complete all the concepts and topics of Class 9 History Integration of Princely States. Students can access Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History book through the Selfstudys website as it is available in the PDF.
What is the Process of Finding the Class 9 JKBOSE History Integration of Princely States?
Students can find the online Class 9 JKBOSE History Integration of Princely States from the Selfstudys as it is the only resource from which they can easily find it; steps to find are discussed below:
- Open the Selfstudys website.
- Click the navigation button, and a pop-up menu will appear. Then select State Books from the list.
- Now a drop-up menu will appear, select Jammu & Kashmir which is in the last.
- Select Class 9 from the list of Classes.
- Now, it is time to select the Jammu & Kashmir book.
- Again a drop-up menu will appear, select History from the list of Classes.
- Students need to select Integration of Princely States from the list of Chapters.
Everything Students Need to Know About the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States
It is quite obvious for students to know about the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States so they can get an idea about the topics and concepts which are given in the textbook; students need to go through the below discussions:
- Sources are Included: Sources are given in the Class 9 JKBOSE History Integration of Princely States; in the sources, some of the facts are discussed with proper proof. Through the facts of Integration of Princely States, students can understand the topics and concepts.
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- Details About the Diagram are Given: Along with the diagram of Integration of Princely States provided in Class 9 History; descriptions are also included so that students can understand the overall viewpoint of the picture.
- Introduction About the Chapter is Given: For Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History book of the JKBOSE board, introductions are given so that students can get an idea about the concepts and topics.
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- Organized Way: The Jammu and Kashmir Class 9 History Integration of Princely States is organized in a logical and systematic way making it easier for students to find the concepts to learn as well as to understand.
- Can Improve Imagination: By referring to Integration of Princely States of Class 9 History book, students can improve their imagination skills and creativity skills; this can help them to implement the same in real-life situations.
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Tips to Complete JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States
One needs to follow the tips to complete the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States; those are:
- Read the Chapter: Read the Class 9 JKBOSE History Book Integration of Princely States word to word so that you can understand the main context of the concepts and topics; through this, they can complete the Chapter effectively.
- Take Notes: Take notes while reading the Jammu and Kashmir Class 9 History Integration of Princely States so that you can understand the important points and concepts.
- Stay Focused: Staying focused is to be attentive, you need to be focused while completing Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History book of the JKBOSE board so that nothing is missed out.
- Practise Exercises: Questions that are given behind Integration of Princely States of the Class 9 History textbook of the JKBOSE board need to be practiced so that you can build a strong and firm foundation.
- Stay Healthy: To complete Integration of Princely States of the Class 9 History textbook you need to stay healthy otherwise, things can be missed out.
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Some of the common mistakes made while completing Class 9 JKBOSE History Integration of Princely States are-
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- Don’t Take Much Time: It is advisable not to take much time while completing Jammu and Kashmir Class 9 History Integration of Princely States otherwise you may feed that information in your brain which is not required.
- Don’t Stick to the Known Part: It is best not to stick to those concepts of Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History textbook which is known; it is better to focus on those concepts which is unknown.
- Understand Concepts: A most common mistake made while completing Integration of Princely States of the Class 9 History textbook is to memorize the concepts rather than understand the same; through this, you can lack some important information to understand.
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Resources Needed to Complete the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States
Students should have the right resources to complete the JKBOSE Class 9 History Integration of Princely States; those resources are:
- Textbook: The JKBOSE Class 9 History Textbook is the most critical resource needed to complete Integration of Princely States; students make sure that they have got the right resource.
- Stationary: Students would need stationery items like pens, pencils, erasers, and notebooks to make notes of Class 9 JKBOSE History Integration of Princely States and to complete the assignments.
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- Reference Books: To complete Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History book of the JKBOSE board, students may need reference books or supplementary books; through this students can have a deeper understanding of concepts.
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- Study Groups: In order to complete Integration of Princely States from the Class 9 History book of the JKBOSE board, students need to make separate study groups which can be helpful in discussing and clarifying doubts regarding the Chapter.
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