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What Is a Character Reference?

Definition & Example of a Character Reference

How a Character Reference Works

How to get a character reference, what a character reference includes.

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A  character reference is a recommendation provided by someone who knows you personally and can describe your attributes and traits.

Find out how a character reference works, what it includes, and how to get one—because you'll likely need one at some point in your life.

A potential employer, school, landlord, volunteer group, or professional organization may ask you to provide them with a character reference. Rather than speaking to your work experience and skills, as a work reference might, a character reference attests to your character and interpersonal abilities. It's usually given by someone who knows you well enough and long enough to give the requester an idea of the kind of person you are.

Alternate name: Personal reference

If you don’t have a solid employment record, you might add a character reference to your list of references. This can help boost your chances of making a good impression on the hiring manager.

A character reference may be required as part of the  job application process , particularly for occupations requiring a high level of responsibility and trustworthiness. You may also be asked to include character references as part of an application to a school, rental property, or a membership with a professional organization.

Often, you'll put the person's contact information on the application, and the requester will reach out to them to obtain the reference. You usually won't see it unless they choose to show it to you first.

The person then usually submits the reference in writing via letter or email, but it can be done verbally, as well. Ideally, you will have previously contacted the person who is giving the reference ahead of time, so it won't come as a surprise to them.

Neighbors, business acquaintances, family friends, teachers, and clients can provide character references. If you're a member of a club or other group, you might ask the leader of that organization to give you one. However, it's usually not best to ask a family member to give you a reference.  

It's wise to ask someone you've seen recently, because they'll likely provide a more meaningful letter than an acquaintance you haven't been in touch with in a decade. Also be sure to choose someone who knows you well and thinks highly of you to help ensure that the reference is positive, personalized, and sincere.

After you've decided who to ask for a character reference, think about how you'll approach them. Rather than simply asking if they can provide a character reference if they can compose one. This will give the person an  option to say “no”  if they do not feel comfortable writing the reference for any reason. You only want positive recommendations, so this helps you avoid receiving any unenthusiastic references.

If they agree, give the person all the information they need to write the reference letter . Tell them what job or role you are applying for, how to submit the letter, and the deadline for submission. Also, provide them with background on the position, so your reference can tailor the letter to the job.

Be sure to send a  thank-you note  afterward to anyone who writes you a character reference. Emphasize how much you appreciate them taking the time to give you reference. If you get the position, be sure to let your reference provider know that, too.

A character reference letter will typically include the following information:

• The reason for writing:  As with most letters, a personal reference will typically begin with a sentence explaining why the letter is being written. For example, "I'm writing to provide a personal reference for Jen Smith, who I recommend for any job requiring strong, consensus-building leadership."
• How the person knows you, including the length of time: For example, "Jen is my next-door neighbor and the president of our block association. I've known her since I moved to the area in 2015."
• Information on your personality and abilities, with examples:  Details that match the skills required for a position are ideal. This section can read something like, "Jen's tact and sense of humor helped dissolve potential conflicts at neighborhood meetings and strengthened our community." The letter should include specific examples of times when you conveyed certain skills and traits.
• Contact information:  At the close of the letter, the person should provide an email or phone number in case the requester has follow-up questions.

Key Takeaways

• Character references speak to your personal attributes rather than your work experience.
• Employers, educational organizations, landlords, volunteer groups, and professional associations may require a character reference.
• Anyone who can attest to your abilities and strengths can provide you with a reference, with the exception of family members.
• When you ask for a reference, be specific about the purpose of the letter and what you need.

Monster. " 4 People You Should Never Use as Job References ." Accessed June 20, 2020.

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In this article

Have you ever wondered what makes a job applicant stand out in a sea of resumes and cover letters? It's not just about qualifications and experience; it's also about character. Employers are increasingly turning to character references to get a deeper understanding of who you are beyond your professional achievements. But what exactly is a character reference, and why does it matter?

In this guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about character references – from what they are and why they're important to how to request them and utilize them effectively in the hiring process. Whether you're an employer looking to assess a candidate's suitability for a role or an employee seeking to bolster your job application with strong references, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools you need to navigate the world of character references with confidence. So, let's dive in and uncover the power of character references in shaping successful careers.

Understanding Character References

In the realm of recruitment, character references serve as windows into an individual's personality, ethics, and reliability. Let's delve deeper into what character references entail and their significance in the hiring process.

What is a Character Reference?

Character references, in essence, are testimonials provided by individuals who can vouch for your integrity, values, and interpersonal skills. Unlike professional references that focus solely on your work-related competencies, character references shed light on your personal qualities and how they translate into your professional conduct.

Importance of Character References in the Hiring Process

Character references play a pivotal role in the hiring process for several reasons:

• Holistic Insight : While resumes and interviews offer glimpses into a candidate's professional persona, character references provide a more holistic view of their character and behavior.
• Assessment of Soft Skills : In today's dynamic work environments, soft skills like communication, teamwork, and adaptability are highly valued. Character references help employers gauge these intangible qualities.
• Culture Fit : Employers often seek candidates whose values align with those of the organization. Character references help assess whether a candidate will fit seamlessly into the company culture .
• Risk Mitigation : Hiring decisions involve inherent risks. Character references can help mitigate these risks by providing assurances of a candidate's reliability, trustworthiness, and ethical conduct.

How is a Character Reference Different from a Professional Reference?

While character references and professional references serve a common purpose—validating a candidate's suitability for a role—they differ in focus and scope:

• Character References : Emphasize personal qualities, ethics, and values. They are typically provided by individuals who have known the candidate in non-professional capacities, such as friends, mentors, or community leaders.
• Professional References : Highlight job-related skills, accomplishments, and performance. They are typically provided by former supervisors, colleagues, or clients who can attest to the candidate's work experience and capabilities.

When are Character References Required?

Employers may request character references at various stages of the hiring process, depending on the nature of the position and organizational requirements. Character references are often sought for roles that demand integrity, trustworthiness, and strong interpersonal skills, such as positions in healthcare, education, or finance.

Legal Implications and Ethical Considerations

While character references can provide valuable insights, it's essential to navigate the process with legal and ethical considerations in mind:

• Anti-discrimination Laws : Employers must ensure that their reference requests comply with anti-discrimination laws to avoid any bias or discrimination based on protected characteristics such as race, gender, or religion.
• Privacy Rights : Candidates have the right to control the dissemination of their personal information, including reference checks . Employers should obtain consent from candidates before contacting their referees.
• Truthfulness and Accuracy : Referees should provide truthful and accurate assessments of a candidate's character, avoiding embellishments or misleading statements that could compromise the integrity of the hiring process.

Components of a Strong Character Reference

Crafting a compelling character reference requires attention to detail and a deep understanding of the candidate's qualities and experiences. Let's explore the essential components that contribute to a strong character reference.

Personal Introduction

Introducing yourself in a character reference establishes your credibility and provides context for your testimonial. Start by stating your name, position, and how you know the candidate. Whether you're a former colleague, mentor, or community leader, briefly outline your relationship with the candidate to give weight to your recommendation.

Relationship to the Candidate

Clarifying your relationship to the candidate is crucial for validating your insights. Describe how you know the candidate and the nature of your interactions. Whether you've worked closely with them in a professional setting or have known them personally for years, providing context about your relationship helps the reader understand the basis of your recommendation.

Assessment of Character Traits

Evaluating the candidate's character traits requires thoughtful consideration and specificity. Identify the qualities that make the candidate stand out, such as integrity, honesty, reliability, and empathy. Instead of making broad assertions, provide concrete examples or anecdotes that demonstrate these traits in action. Describe how the candidate's character positively impacts their interactions with others and contributes to their overall effectiveness in various situations.

Specific Examples or Instances

Supporting your assessment with specific examples or instances strengthens the credibility of your reference. Recall memorable incidents or observations where the candidate demonstrated exemplary behavior or handled challenging situations with grace and integrity. Whether it's going above and beyond to help a colleague in need or displaying resilience in the face of adversity, these real-life examples add depth to your testimonial and paint a vivid picture of the candidate's character.

Contact Information and Availability for Follow-up

Concluding your character reference with your contact information demonstrates your willingness to provide further clarification or verification if needed. Include your phone number and email address to make it easy for employers to reach out to you. Express your availability and readiness to answer any questions or provide additional insights about the candidate, reinforcing the sincerity and reliability of your recommendation.

How to Write a Character Reference?

Crafting a character reference that resonates with employers requires careful thought and attention to detail. Here's how you can ensure your character references leave a lasting impression.

Selecting the Right Referee

Choosing the right referee is paramount to the effectiveness of your character reference. Consider individuals who can provide a balanced and insightful perspective on the candidate's character and abilities. Opt for referees who have known the candidate in various capacities and can speak to different aspects of their personality and work ethic. This could include former supervisors, colleagues, mentors, or even clients who have collaborated closely with the candidate. Avoid selecting referees who may have conflicts of interest or biases that could compromise the credibility of your reference.

Guidelines for Writing a Compelling Reference

When writing a character reference, adhere to the following guidelines to ensure your testimonial is compelling and impactful:

• Be Specific : Provide specific examples or anecdotes that illustrate the candidate's character traits and strengths. Avoid generalizations or vague statements that lack substance.
• Be Honest : Integrity is paramount in character references. Be truthful and transparent in your assessment of the candidate, highlighting both their strengths and areas for improvement .
• Be Objective : Strive to maintain objectivity in your reference, focusing on observable behaviors and experiences rather than personal opinions or biases.
• Be Professional : Maintain a professional tone and format throughout your reference, aligning with the expectations of the hiring process and industry standards.
• Be Concise : While it's essential to provide sufficient detail to support your assessment, avoid unnecessary verbosity. Keep your reference concise and to the point, ensuring that every word adds value to your testimonial.

Dos and Don'ts of Character References

To ensure your character reference makes a positive impact, adhere to the following dos and don'ts:

Character Reference Dos:

• Do provide specific examples or instances that showcase the candidate's character and capabilities.
• Do tailor your reference to the specific requirements and expectations of the position or industry.
• Do obtain consent from the candidate before providing their contact information to prospective employers.
• Do maintain professionalism and objectivity in your reference, avoiding personal biases or exaggerations.

Character Reference Don'ts:

• Don't include irrelevant or misleading information that could detract from the credibility of your reference.
• Don't rely solely on generic statements or clichés that lack depth or authenticity.
• Don't write a reference if you don't feel comfortable vouching for the candidate's character or qualifications.
• Don't disclose confidential or sensitive information without the candidate's explicit consent.

Tailoring References for Different Situations or Industries

Adapting your character references to suit the requirements and expectations of different situations or industries is essential for maximizing their impact.

• Highlight Relevant Qualities : Identify the qualities and experiences that are most relevant to the position or industry and emphasize them in your reference.
• Align with Company Values : Research the values and culture of the organization and align your reference with those principles to demonstrate the candidate's compatibility.
• Customize Examples : Customize your examples or anecdotes to resonate with the specific challenges or opportunities present in the target industry or role.
• Use Industry-Specific Language : Incorporate industry-specific terminology or jargon where appropriate to demonstrate your understanding of the field and the candidate's fit within it.

By tailoring your character references to the unique needs and expectations of different situations or industries, you can enhance their relevance and effectiveness in supporting the candidate's candidacy.

Sample Character Reference Templates

Providing and requesting character references can be a daunting task, but having well-crafted templates can streamline the process and ensure clarity and professionalism. Below are sample character reference templates tailored for both employers providing references and employees requesting them.

Template for Employers Providing References

[Your Name] [Your Position] [Your Company/Organization] [Your Contact Information]

[Recipient's Name] [Recipient's Position] [Company/Organization Name]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

I am writing to provide a character reference for [Candidate's Name], who [brief description of how you know the candidate and your relationship, e.g., worked under my supervision at XYZ Company for two years]. During this time, I had the opportunity to observe [Candidate's Name]'s [positive qualities, such as integrity, reliability, teamwork skills, etc.].

[Provide a specific example or anecdote that illustrates the candidate's character traits and suitability for the position.]

Please feel free to contact me at [Your Phone Number] or [Your Email Address] if you require any further information or clarification.

Sincerely, [Your Name]

Template for Employees Requesting References

[Your Name] [Your Contact Information] [Date]

I hope this letter finds you well. I am currently in the process of applying for [position/program] at [Company/Organization Name], and I am reaching out to request a character reference from you.

[Personal introduction and brief explanation of your relationship to the referee.]

I would be grateful if you could provide insight into my [positive qualities, such as integrity, reliability, teamwork skills, etc.], as well as any specific examples or instances that illustrate these qualities.

Thank you for considering my request. Please let me know if you require any additional information or if there is anything else I can provide to assist you in writing the reference.

How to Request and Handle Character References?

Requesting and handling character references require finesse and professionalism to ensure that both parties are satisfied with the outcome. Here's a detailed look at the process:

How to Request a Character Reference

When requesting a character reference, it's essential to approach potential referees thoughtfully and respectfully.

• Choose Wisely : Select individuals who are familiar with your character, work ethic, and personal qualities. Ensure that they are willing to provide a positive and insightful testimonial.
• Provide Context : When reaching out to potential referees, provide them with context about the position you're applying for and why you believe their insights would be valuable. This helps them tailor their reference to suit the requirements of the role.
• Request Permission : Before providing a referee's contact information to prospective employers, seek their permission and ensure that they are comfortable providing a reference for you.
• Follow Up : If a referee agrees to provide a character reference, follow up with them to provide any additional information or documentation they may need to craft a compelling testimonial.

Providing Guidance to Referees

To ensure that your referees provide meaningful and relevant character references, consider offering them guidance and direction:

• Highlight Key Qualities : Share with your referees the qualities and experiences you'd like them to emphasize in their reference. Provide specific examples or anecdotes that illustrate these qualities to guide their testimonial.
• Offer Suggestions : Offer suggestions for structuring the reference and provide templates or examples if possible. This can help your referees craft a well-organized and impactful testimonial.
• Express Gratitude : Express your gratitude to your referees for taking the time to provide a character reference for you. Acknowledge the importance of their contribution to your job application process.

Handling Negative or Neutral References

While most character references are positive, there may be instances where you receive a negative or neutral reference. Here's how to handle such situations:

• Seek Clarification : If you receive a negative or neutral reference, reach out to the referee to understand their concerns and seek clarification. Politely inquire about the reasons behind their assessment and whether there are any areas of improvement they suggest.
• Provide Context : Offer additional context or information to mitigate any misunderstandings or misconceptions that may have led to the negative reference. Share your perspective on the situation and provide evidence or examples that contradict the negative assessment.
• Focus on Positivity : Despite receiving a negative reference , maintain a positive and professional demeanor. Highlight your strengths and achievements in other areas and reassure prospective employers of your suitability for the role.

Ensuring Accuracy and Authenticity

To ensure that character references are accurate and authentic, both employers and candidates should take the following steps:

• Verify Information : Employers should verify the information provided in character references to ensure its accuracy and reliability. This may include contacting referees directly to confirm the details of their testimonial.
• Obtain Consent : Candidates should obtain consent from their referees before providing their contact information to prospective employers. This ensures that referees are aware of and comfortable with providing a reference on the candidate's behalf.
• Maintain Integrity : Referees should maintain integrity and honesty in their character references, providing a truthful and objective assessment of the candidate's character and qualifications. Avoid embellishments or exaggerations that could mislead prospective employers.

By following these guidelines, both employers and candidates can navigate the process of requesting and handling character references with professionalism, transparency, and integrity.

How to Utilize Character References in the Hiring Process?

Character references serve as valuable tools for employers to assess a candidate's character, integrity, and suitability for a position. Let's explore how character references are utilized in the hiring process and how employers can leverage them effectively:

Role of Character References in the Hiring Decision

Character references play a crucial role in the hiring decision-making process for several reasons:

• Insight into Personality : Character references provide employers with insights into a candidate's personality traits, work ethic, and interpersonal skills that may not be evident from resumes or interviews alone.
• Confirmation of Suitability : By corroborating the candidate's claims and qualifications, character references help employers confirm the candidate's suitability for the role and assess their potential fit within the organization.
• Risk Assessment : Employers use character references to evaluate the level of risk associated with hiring a particular candidate. Positive references can instill confidence in the candidate's reliability and integrity, while negative references may raise red flags and prompt further scrutiny.
• Culture Fit : Character references help employers assess whether a candidate's values align with those of the organization and determine their potential for fitting into the company culture.

How Employers Evaluate Character References

When evaluating character references, employers look for certain key indicators and qualities:

• Consistency : Employers assess the consistency of information provided in character references with other aspects of the candidate's application, such as their resume, cover letter, and performance in interviews.
• Relevance : Employers evaluate the relevance of the reference to the position and industry. References from individuals who have directly supervised or worked closely with the candidate are often given more weight than those from acquaintances or personal connections.
• Specificity : Employers value character references that provide specific examples or anecdotes illustrating the candidate's character traits and behavior. References that offer vague or generic statements are less impactful and may be viewed with skepticism.
• Credibility of Referee : The credibility and reputation of the referee also play a significant role in how employers evaluate character references. References from individuals with established expertise or authority in their field carry more weight than those from less credible sources.

Addressing Reference Discrepancies or Concerns

In cases where there are discrepancies or concerns raised by character references, employers may take the following steps:

• Verification : Employers may verify the information provided in character references by contacting the referees directly or conducting background checks to ensure its accuracy and reliability.
• Interview Follow-up : Employers may follow up with the candidate during the interview process to address any discrepancies or concerns raised by character references. This provides an opportunity for the candidate to provide additional context or clarification.
• Additional References : Employers may request additional references or testimonials from other individuals who can provide insights into the candidate's character and qualifications, especially if there are conflicting or ambiguous references.

Integrating Character References with Other Hiring Criteria

Character references should be considered as part of a holistic assessment of a candidate's qualifications and suitability for a position. Employers can integrate character references with other hiring criteria, such as:

• Skills and Experience : Assessing the candidate's technical skills , expertise, and relevant experience through resumes, portfolios, and skill assessments.
• Interview Performance : Evaluating the candidate's performance in interviews, including their communication skills, problem-solving abilities, and cultural fit .
• Background Checks : Conducting background checks to verify the candidate's employment history , education credentials, and any criminal or financial records.

By integrating character references with other hiring criteria, employers can make more informed and well-rounded hiring decisions that align with the organization's goals and values.

Character references serve as invaluable assets in the hiring process, providing employers with insights into a candidate's integrity, reliability, and interpersonal skills. By leveraging well-crafted character references, both employers and employees can make more informed decisions that lead to successful and fulfilling professional relationships. Remember, character references are not just about ticking boxes or meeting requirements; they're about showcasing the qualities that make you uniquely suited for a role and demonstrating your commitment to excellence. So, whether you're on the giving or receiving end of a character reference, approach the process with sincerity, honesty, and gratitude, knowing that these testimonials can make a significant difference in shaping your career trajectory.

In today's competitive job market, the value of character references cannot be overstated. They provide a window into your character and help employers assess your fit for a role beyond what can be gleaned from traditional application materials. By understanding the components of a strong character reference, crafting compelling testimonials, and utilizing them effectively in the hiring process, you can elevate your candidacy and stand out from the crowd. So, as you embark on your job search journey, remember the power of character references and the role they play in shaping your professional reputation. With the right approach and mindset, you can harness the potential of character references to open doors to exciting opportunities and propel your career forward.

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What Is Character Reference? And Why We Need Them

It’s often an honor to be asked to write a character reference letter, maybe for a friend or just someone that you really value. 

But if it’s something you haven’t done before, it might be a bit tricky and you wouldn’t want to write a letter that wouldn’t carry enough prestige to get the person the position he/she is looking for. So, looking for how to write a really mind blowing character reference for someone special? Then this article is definitely for you so read every part carefully.

Article Road Map

What Is A Character Reference?

A character reference is also referred to as a personal reference and is a letter written by someone who knows a person very well and can speak sincerely about their character and abilities. This person writing for you can be a close friend or pal at school or work, or someone you relate very well with.

Why Are Character Reference Important?

• Character references give detailed information about the applicant. Most times, Just verifying that a candidate worked at a particular company in the past isn’t always enough. Character References give you more information and assurance than basic dates of employment.
• Character references help to show how consistent, diligent and productive the applicant has been in attendance and other key factors. For example, if your work ethics requires you to dress a certain way, you need to know if the Applicant has been consistent and if the applicant has had issues with proper dressing in the past.
• Character references highlight a candidate’s personality. While most questions are very standard, talking to a direct supervisor or organizer who knows the Applicant personally gives you more accurate, sincere and unfiltered information.

Related Topics:

• Sample Reference Letter From A Teacher
• Law School Reference Letter
• Reference Letter Sample For Employment
• Sample Reference Letter For A High School Student

Key Things To Include In A Character Reference

include a few key elements in your letter like 

stating your relationship with the applicant, and how long you have known them.

The body of your letter should highlight more of the applicant’s strongest qualities or skills that you think will make them stand out in the application.

Try to support each claim you make about the person with a specific example.

At the end of the letter, provide any contact information that you feel comfortable sharing with the employer.

Be sure to go through your letter at least twice before sending it.

Note: Before Accepting to write a character reference for someone, be sure that you can write a positive and honest letter. If you cannot, it is better to say no; this will give the person the chance to ask someone who might write him or her a stronger reference letter.

It’s okay to say no to someone if you don’t feel confident enough to write for them, just tell them that you  don’t feel you’re qualified enough to write for them, and would want them to get the best. But if you decide to write for them, below are some tips;

• Make sure you have all the information you need. Ensure that you know what the letter is for (whether it is for a particular job, a college application, etc.), how to submit it, and when it is due. You might also  want to ask the person if he or she has a resume or other document listing their skills and experiences that you can use to help write the letter.
• Focus on talking about their strength and good qualities or abilities that make them a good fit for the job or school. Provide an example of a time the person demonstrated really impressive qualities.
• Include your contact information so that the employer can reach you if they wish to ask further questions.
• If you would be sending the letter by mail, ensure to use business letter format when writing your letter. Including the contact information of the employer at the top, the date, and your contact information. Conclude with a handwritten signature and your typed signature underneath. If you send an email reference letter, you do not have to use this format.
• Ensure that before you send the letter, you have gone through it and done some editing and check that all words are correctly placed. You could even ask a friend or family member to read over the letter before you send it.

Note: your letter shouldn’t be too long but very thorough.Three to five paragraphs is enough and certainly no more than one page. 

Who to Ask for a Character Reference?

It’s in the name, “character reference” so you should definitely ask someone that knows you personally and has had history with you. Those kinds of people that write really good stuff about you and recommend you without reservations.

Neighbors, close pals, friends and acquaintances may be willing to write a reference for you. 

If you belong to a sports group, you could beckon to anyone that you relate well with to write for you.

If you belong to a church group? Ask your church group leader or coach to write a personal letter of reference for you. 

Note: Whoever you chose to ask, be sure to send a thank you note to them afterwards.  Be sure to emphasize how much you appreciate them taking the time to write you a reference.

When Do You Need a Character Reference?

• For Job purposes: Some employers usually request for character references in addition to letters of reference from former employers. These references give employers a sense of your personality and abilities.
• Students Applying for Admission: Most tertiary institutions usually request a character reference ,in order to get to know the applicant’s personality better.
• Most people also use character references since they might be worried that their bosses will not write positive references. Sometimes a strong character reference can help make up for a weaker employer reference, or a lack of employer references.

So basically that’s all you need to know about character reference writing and procedures. To get more updates on subjects like this, don’t forget to bookmark this page and check back regularly for solid up to date detailed contents such as this.

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References on a Resume: When and How to Include Them

When it comes to crafting a winning resume, references can be a valuable tool. However, knowing when and how to include them can be a tricky process. In this article, we’ll explore the concept of references on a resume, why they are important, and provide useful tips for selecting the right references to make your job application stand out.

Definition and Purpose of References on a Resume

References are individuals who can vouch for your skills, achievements, and character. They serve as a kind of third-party review of your qualifications, offering a prospective employer the chance to get an outside perspective on your abilities.

On a resume, references are typically listed towards the end of the document, following your work history and education sections. Including references is not mandatory, but it is considered good practice when applying for jobs in fields such as government, academia or research.

Importance of Choosing the Right References

Choosing the right references can be a make-or-break factor in the application process. A good reference can boost your chances of landing the job, while a bad reference can significantly hinder your prospects.

When selecting your references, it’s important to choose individuals who are familiar with your work and can speak positively about your skills and character. It’s best to avoid selecting references who may have a personal bias against you or who do not have a strong understanding of your qualifications.

Overview of the Article

In this article, we’ll provide an in-depth guide to references on a resume. We’ll cover topics such as:

• The pros and cons of including references
• Best practices for selecting and contacting references
• How to format references on a resume
• Legal considerations for providing references
• Tips for handling bad or negative references

By the end of this article, you’ll have a solid understanding of how to include references on your resume and leverage them to enhance your job search process. So let’s dive in!

Who Should You Include as References?

When it comes to including references on your resume, it’s important to understand who you should include and why. A reference is someone who can vouch for your skills, work ethic, and character to a potential employer. They are typically contacted by the hiring manager or recruiter as part of the interview process.

There are different types of references that you can use, including professional references and personal references. Professional references are individuals you have worked with in a professional setting, such as former colleagues, supervisors, or clients. Personal references, on the other hand, are people who know you outside of work, such as friends, family members, or mentors.

When choosing the right references to include on your resume, it’s essential to consider the following factors:

Relevance: You want to select references who can speak to your qualifications for the job you are applying for. If the position requires specific skills or experience, choose references who can attest to your proficiency in those areas.

Reputation: Your references should be individuals who have a good reputation in their field and are well-respected. Their endorsement can carry weight with potential employers and help you stand out from other candidates.

Availability: Make sure that your references are willing and available to speak on your behalf. It’s a good idea to ask for their permission before including them on your resume.

Diversity: It’s best to have a mix of professional and personal references to provide a well-rounded picture of your character and work ethic.

Including references on your resume can be a valuable addition as long as they are chosen carefully. By selecting relevant, reputable, available, and diverse references, you can increase your chances of landing your dream job.

When to Include References on Your Resume

When it comes to including references on your resume, there are certain situations where it is required, and others where it is optional. However, there are also valid reasons to avoid including references altogether.

Situations where references are required

Some job postings specifically request that applicants provide a list of references with their application. This is especially common for positions that require a high level of trust or require working with vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, or individuals with disabilities. Additionally, government and security jobs may also require references for background checks.

Situations where references are optional

In many cases, references are not required but can still provide additional support for your candidacy. Including references can help demonstrate your professionalism, work ethic, and ability to cultivate positive relationships with previous colleagues or supervisors. If a job posting does not require references, it is generally acceptable to offer to provide them later in the hiring process, when they are specifically requested.

Reasons to avoid including references on your resume

There are valid reasons for avoiding including references on your resume altogether. Firstly, including references can take up valuable space on your resume that can be better used to highlight your skills and achievements. Secondly, if you provide references upfront and the hiring manager contacts them without first offering you the job, it can put your references in an awkward position, as they may not be comfortable discussing your candidacy with potential employers. Finally, some job seekers may be concerned about potential discrimination or bias from their references, particularly if they are unwilling to provide a positive reference for personal reasons.

Deciding whether or not to include references on your resume will depend on the specific job posting and your personal preferences. It is important to carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks before making your decision. Regardless of your choice, always ensure that you have a list of potential references prepared and that they are willing to act as a reference for you when needed.

How to Format References on Your Resume

Jobseekers often wonder where to include references on their resume. Including references on your resume can either make or break your candidacy, depending on how it is presented.

Where to include references on your resume:

Traditionally, references are no longer a required part of a resume. Hence, it is optional to include them in your job application. However, if a job posting specifically asks for references, the best place to include them is on a separate page, after the main body of your resume. When doing so, make sure that the page is titled “References” or “Professional References.”

How to format reference information:

When formatting your reference section on your resume, it’s important to include certain pieces of information such as the name, job title, company, phone number, and email of your reference. Ensure each reference’s information is listed in the same order making your reference section easy to review. Make sure that the page number on which the reference is listed appears on each page.

Arrange your references in the way that suits you best, but make sure to maintain consistency throughout. One popular format for listing references is having three references — only those that are relevant to the position you’re applying for. Choose individuals who can attest to your work ethics, skills, and character. Also, only include references who can provide glowing feedback. If your references list is long, try to avoid including individuals who only have good things to say about your personal life but not your work-related skills.

Tips for making your reference section stand out:

Here are some tips that will make your reference section stand out:

Select influential advocates: At times, recruiters contact the individuals on the reference list to assess an applicant. In this case, choose your references carefully. Select individuals who can speak authoritatively about your skills and accomplishments.

Take advantage of references as an opportunity: By including professional references, you can also demonstrate why you’re a suitable candidate for the role. Ensure you choose individuals who are conversant with the job, company, and industry. By doing this, you may help tip the scales in your favor by establishing a connection between your reference and the company.

Focus on design: Just like any other part of your resume, your reference section should be easy to read, visually appealing, and aesthetically designed. You can experiment with different fonts and formatting so long as you keep it simple and easy to read. Consider using bullet points, bold letters and emboldened font for section titles.

Keep it concise: Don’t use the reference list as an opportunity to pad out your resume with people’s names. Keep the list to only three or four references so that the hiring manager can gauge quickly what you’ve listed as a reference.

How to Ask Someone to Be Your Reference

When it comes to job hunting, having strong references can make all the difference. Choosing the right people to vouch for your skills and work ethic is crucial; but inviting them to be your reference can be tricky. Here’s what you need to know about who to ask, how to ask, and how to stay connected with your references.

Who to Ask and How to Ask Them

First, determine who would be the most relevant and effective references for your job search. This could include former managers or supervisors, colleagues, clients, or even professors, depending on the nature of the job and your experience.

Once you have a list of potential references, consider each person’s relationship to you and their availability. It’s a good idea to reach out to them in person or via phone or email to ask if they would be willing to serve as a reference for you. Begin by thanking them for their time and explaining what type of position you are applying for. You may also want to give them a brief summary of your experience and qualifications as a reminder.

If they agree to be your reference, make sure to confirm their contact information and let them know when and how they might be contacted by a hiring manager. Keep in mind that it’s always best to ask for permission before sharing someone’s contact information.

Providing Useful Information to Your References

It’s important to give your references the tools they need to advocate for you effectively. This might include a copy of your updated resume, a list of important accomplishments or projects you worked on together, or even a brief script they can reference when speaking to a potential employer.

You should also make sure to give them any relevant job descriptions or requirements for the position you’re applying for. This will help them tailor their remarks to the specific needs of the employer and highlight your most relevant skills and experience.

Best Practices for Staying Connected with Your References

Once you’ve secured your references, it’s important to stay connected with them, even if you don’t land the job you were applying for. Keeping in touch can help you maintain these valuable professional relationships and ensure that they continue to speak well of you in the future.

Consider sending periodic updates on your career progress or any new accomplishments or skills you’ve added to your repertoire. You might also want to connect with them on professional networking sites like LinkedIn, and make sure to congratulate them on any achievements or milestones they share.

Finally, remember that gratitude goes a long way. Thank your references for their time and support, and offer to reciprocate the favor in the future by serving as a reference for them or helping them connect with potential employers or clients.

By taking these steps, you can secure strong references and keep those valuable connections active and engaged, no matter where your career takes you.

How to Prepare Your References

When it comes to job search, having strong references can be a game-changer. References are the people who can vouch for your skills, work ethic, and character, and oftentimes can make or break your application.

So, if you have identified potential references that can help you land your dream job, you need to make sure to prepare them properly. Here are some tips on how to do it.

What your references need to know before they receive a call/email

Before you put your references’ names and contact information on your resume, it’s essential to talk to them and inform them about your job search. This way, they won’t be caught off guard when a potential employer contacts them. Also, they will appreciate the heads-up and will have time to gather their thoughts and remember specific examples that show your skills and achievements.

When talking to your references, make sure to provide them with the following information:

• The job(s) you are applying for
• The skills, experiences, and accomplishments that are most relevant to the position(s)
• The company, its mission, and its values (if possible)
• The name and contact information of the person who may contact them (if available)
• A brief reminder of how you know them and your working relationship

You may also want to ask your references if there are any particular points they want to highlight or any questions they anticipate from the potential employer. This way, you can prepare yourself better and avoid any surprises.

How to provide additional information for your references

As you prepare to apply for a job, you may want to provide additional information for your references to help them speak more confidently about your abilities. Here are some examples of the type of information that can be helpful:

• Your updated resume, highlighting your most relevant experiences and achievements
• A cover letter or personal statement, showcasing your motivation, passion, and professionalism
• The job description, outlining the key skills and qualifications required for the position
• Examples of your work or projects that demonstrate your skills and expertise
• Feedback from previous employers, colleagues, or clients that is relevant to the position(s) you are applying for
• Any awards, certification, or other recognition that you have received and that are related to the job(s)

Make sure to provide this information to your references in advance, either by email or in hard copy, and ask them if they need anything else to be prepared.

How to thank your references

Last but not least, don’t forget to thank your references for their help and support.

How to Use References in the Job Application Process

When it comes to including references in your job application process, it’s important to know when and how to provide them. In this section, we’ll cover the when and how, giving you the knowledge and confidence to ensure your references are used properly.

When to Provide Your References

When it comes to providing your references, the rule of thumb is to only do so when specifically asked by the employer. Most employers will ask for references during the latter stages of the recruitment process, which typically means after the initial interview. This gives the employer an opportunity to verify the information you’ve provided, and to gain additional insight into your professional character and work ethic.

If you’re asked for references, make sure to provide them in a timely manner. Delaying the submission of references can cause the employer to question your reliability, or worse, think that you have something to hide.

How to Ensure Your References Get Contacted

Now that you know when to provide your references, it’s important to understand how to ensure they get contacted. Here are a few tips and tricks to ensure your references are reached out to:

Ask for permission: When preparing your references for submission, ask each person for their permission to include them in your application. Make sure to get their current contact information, as well as their preferred method of communication (phone, email, etc.).

Prepare your references: Brief your references on the specific job role you’re applying for, and provide them with your resume and cover letter. This gives them an idea of the position you’re seeking, as well as your experience and qualifications.

Follow up with the employer: Once you’ve submitted your application and references, follow up with the employer to confirm receipt. This not only shows that you’re proactive and interested in the position, but it also gives you an opportunity to confirm that your references were contacted.

By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your references are used properly and help to bolster your chances of landing your dream job. Just remember to only provide your references when asked, and to be proactive in ensuring they get contacted. Good luck!

Dos and Don’ts for References on Your Resume

When it comes to including references on your resume, there are some best practices you should follow to present yourself in the best possible light. However, there are also some pitfalls you should avoid that can undermine your credibility and hurt your chances of landing the job. Here are some dos and don’ts to keep in mind:

Best practices for including references on your resume

Do ask for permission:  Before including someone on your reference list, you should always ask for their permission. This not only shows respect for their time, but it also gives them the opportunity to decline if they don’t feel comfortable providing a reference for you.

Do choose your references wisely:  You should only include people on your reference list who can speak positively about your work and character. This includes former managers, colleagues, and mentors who have firsthand knowledge of your abilities.

Do provide context:  When you provide your reference list to a potential employer, be sure to include some context about how you know each person and what their relationship is to you. This will help the employer understand the relevance of each reference and how they can provide additional insight into your qualifications.

Do keep your references up-to-date:  As your career progresses, you may need to update your reference list to reflect your most recent accomplishments and contacts. Be sure to keep your references informed of any changes and update your list accordingly.

Pitfalls to avoid when using references

Don’t include references without permission:  Including someone on your reference list without their permission is not only disrespectful, it can also damage your reputation and relationships.

Don’t include references who can’t speak to your qualifications:  If a reference can’t provide insight into your skills and work ethic, they are not a valuable reference for an employer. Be sure to choose references who can provide relevant and positive feedback.

Don’t assume every employer wants references:  While many employers will ask for references as part of the hiring process, some may not. Be sure to read the job posting and follow the employer’s instructions for submitting your application materials.

Don’t neglect to prepare your references:  Even if your references have agreed to be on your list, you should still prepare them for potential calls from employers. Provide them with information about the job you’re applying for and what skills you want them to highlight.

By following these dos and don’ts, you can ensure that your references are an asset to your job search and help you stand out from the competition.

Common Questions about References on Resumes

As you prepare your resume, one important aspect to consider is who you will include as references. Here are answers to some common questions that job seekers have regarding references on a resume:

What if you don’t have any references?

It is not uncommon for recent graduates or individuals who have limited professional experience to have difficulty gathering references. In such cases, there are a few strategies you can use. One option is to include references from other forms of experience, such as volunteer work, internships, or academic projects. Another option is to ask individuals who can speak to your character or work ethic, such as former professors, mentors, or coaches. It is also acceptable to note on your resume that references are available upon request.

How many references should you provide?

While there is no set rule for how many references to include on a resume, it is generally recommended to provide 3-5 references. This ensures that the employer receives a well-rounded view of your qualifications and experience. It is important to choose references who can speak knowledgeably about your work-related skills and accomplishments. Make sure to obtain their permission before including them on your resume and provide their contact information in a professional format, such as name, title, company, phone number, and email address.

Can you use references from previous jobs?

Yes, it is acceptable to use references from previous jobs, especially if they can provide information about your work history and achievements in that role. When selecting references from previous jobs, consider reaching out to former supervisors or colleagues who can speak to your contributions in the workplace. It is important to keep in mind that you should only include references who are comfortable speaking positively about your work and who can provide a professional recommendation. Additionally, verify that their contact information is up to date before providing it on your resume.

By answering these common questions, you can confidently include references on your resume and provide employers with valuable insights into your qualifications and experience. Remember to secure permissions from your references before including them and respect the confidentiality of their contact information. Happy job hunting!

Examples of References on Resumes

As you craft your resume and consider whether to include references, it can be helpful to see examples of how to format your reference section. Below are some sample layouts for reference sections on resumes:

Sample Reference Section Layout #1

• John Doe, Manager at ABC Company. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.
• Jane Smith, Former supervisor at XYZ Corporation. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.
• Susan Lee, Colleague at DEF Industries. Email:  [email protected] . Phone: 555-555-5555.

Sample Reference Section Layout #2

Professional References

Sample Reference Section Layout #3

References Available Upon Request

In addition to seeing examples of reference section layouts, it can also be helpful to see examples of reference formats. Here are three examples of how to format a reference on a resume:

Example Reference Format #1

John Doe  Manager at ABC Company  [email protected]  555-555-5555

Example Reference Format #2

Jane Smith  Former supervisor at XYZ Corporation  [email protected]  555-555-5555

Example Reference Format #3

Susan Lee  Colleague at DEF Industries  [email protected]  555-555-5555

When including references on your resume, it is important to consider when and how to include them. It is generally suggested to only include references when asked, and to always get permission from the reference before including their information. When formatting your reference section, be sure to make it clear and easy to read, and only include relevant information such as the reference’s name, title/position, email, and phone number.

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Character references: 4 tips for a successful recommendation letter

Jump to section

What are character references?

Should I include character references on a resume?

Who can provide a character reference?

How to choose a character reference, 4 reasons character references are important, how to write a character reference letter, extra tips for getting a good character reference, choose references wisely.

After you nail your job interview, you might send a follow-up email and continue researching the company to get up to speed. 

While you wait on an answer, the hiring manager still has some work to do. They might ask you for references to contact for objective opinions about your experience, skill set, and personality. These could be either professional references or character references.

While both types of references speak to your capabilities and professional potential, they offer slightly different perspectives. Professional references consider your performance at previous jobs, and character references speak more to your personality and character traits.

Choosing a character reference requires the same careful attention as the rest of your job search process . Before reaching out to someone in your life, let’s explore the value of a character reference, what hiring managers are looking for, and what they can expect. 

A character reference, also known as a personal reference, is a person who can speak about your reputation, personality, and character when you’re applying for a job. They’re different from professional references, who can confirm your job-specific professional knowledge and skills. 

Imagine that you’re applying for a teaching position. A professional reference, like a previous manager, can confirm your ability to manage a classroom, create engaging and effective lesson plans, and communicate concepts that students understand. That information will tell a hiring manager whether you can complete your job tasks effectively. 

A character reference, like a mentor or community leader, can speak to your ethical values, sense of purpose, and life goals. The information a character reference provides speaks to important transferable soft skills , like your communication skills and teamwork skills , that let a hiring manager know if you’ll fit into the company culture and organizational vision.

Should I include character references on a resume? 

You don’t have to put character references on your resume unless the application specifically asks you to, which is rare. Hiring managers want resumes to show whether you have the skills, experience, and know-how that match the roles and responsibilities of the job. Based on that assessment alone, they’ll decide to extend a job interview invitation. 

Individual hiring managers are more likely to request professional and character references during the final stages of the interview process. They want to confirm what they already know and check that you are who you say you are. 

Asking for character references is most common when you don’t already have a lot of work experience or are applying for a job that requires strong character traits, like honesty or integrity. If a hiring manager doesn’t specify what type of reference they want from you, they’re likely asking for a professional reference, not a character reference. Ask them to clarify if you’re unsure. 

Even if you’ve never been asked to provide a reference before, it’s good to prepare a list of potential professional and character references while you’re applying for jobs. That way, if a potential employer asks for any kind of reference, you already know who to reach out to.

Someone who knows you well outside of work can provide a character reference. 

Remember that hiring managers might be more likely to trust the opinion of someone who isn’t emotionally close to you. Family members, family friends, and close friends may be able to speak highly of you, but their opinions likely lack the impartiality hiring managers seek. 

Take some time to write a list of people who can speak genuinely about your positive attributes based on their personal experiences with you. Think of people who you know are comfortable speaking professionally. And if you can, choose someone based on the specificities of the job. 

For example, if you’re applying for a managerial position that requires strong people management skills and leadership qualities, you want to choose someone who has seen you lead or make important decisions, like a community service coordinator or career coach . 

Here are some examples of character references a hiring manager will trust:

• An academic advisor, professor, tutor, or teaching assistant
• A career or life coach
• A career counselor, mentor, or sponsor
• Community leaders
• Colleagues, coworkers, or peers who know you on a personal level

Write a shortlist of potential character references and narrow it down from there. You might want to reach out to a few different people in case someone says no or isn’t available.

A good character reference could be the last step to landing your dream job, so it’s important to choose the right person and communicate with them effectively. Here are a few tips to get character references that persuade recruiters you’re the right candidate:

Pick someone trustworthy: Carefully think about the people you trust who’ve spent significant time with you. Just because someone has witnessed your skills doesn’t mean they’ll be a good reference. You should choose a person who likes you and will tell the truth when a hiring manager asks for their input. 

Keep it formal: Pick someone who has experience giving recommendations or can speak about you in a professional tone. Even if your relationship with them is casual, the reference should be professional. Make this clear when you’re approaching the person.

Consider the timing: Choose a person who has the time and energy to act as a reference. Give them a heads-up on when to expect an email or phone call from a hiring manager.

You might also have to ask them to write a letter of reference, so give them enough time to do so before you have to send it to your prospective employer. And if you know you’re starting a job hunt, ask someone to be a reference before you even apply so they can prepare accordingly.

Choosing professional references is usually straightforward. You’ll most likely include supervisors from your most recent job who can speak about your current skill level and experience. But picking the right character references may not be as obvious. You’re looking at a broader pool of people, and there isn’t always a singular, clear choice.

Understanding what hiring managers are looking for and what character references should provide is a good place to start. Here are some ways these references contribute to the hiring process:

Describe your well-roundedness

Professional references from managers and supervisors provide valuable information about how effectively you work, but might not always describe your personality in-depth. A character reference from a close peer, client, or mentor gives stronger insight into the values and personality traits that could make you a fit within a company culture or mission.

Focus on soft skills

Nearly 90% of hiring managers say that hires that didn’t work out lacked important soft skills . If they ask for a character reference, they want to be extra sure that you have the interpersonal skills and personality to excel and fit into the team dynamic . 

Back intuition with reputation

First impressions matter, but even the most experienced hiring manager can misjudge someone’s character. Most people only need 1/10th of a second to judge someone based on appearance , and interview biases can cloud their immediate thoughts.

A personal reference letter could disprove a hiring manager’s negative impression or confirm they can trust their gut if they already think you’re the right candidate.

Offer an alternative to professional references

A potential employer may ask for more than one employment reference, especially if you don’t have a lot of work experience or can’t offer a professional reference. If you’re brand new to the workforce, quit your previous job , or are returning to work after a long career gap , a character reference is a good alternative option to provide.

Whether you’re writing a character reference or asking someone to write one for you, it should fit the same general rules of any other communication at work: short, informative, and cordial. 

Consider breaking the letter of reference down into three clear sections:

Introduction: Start with a brief introduction that explains the relationship between the applicant and the reference. Describe the nature of the relationship and how and when it started.

Explanation: Provide specific experiences that demonstrate positive skills and personality traits. Be sure to include the types of soft skills the job description asks for, and skip ones that aren’t as relevant to save space. 

Sign off: Provide contact details like an email, phone number, and the time of day a hiring manager can reach out if they have further questions. 

Here’s an example of a reference letter:

Dear [hiring manager’s name], 

I hope you’re well! Thanks for giving me the opportunity to talk about Margaret. 

I’ve been managing our community garden since 2012, and I met Margaret in 2017 when she started volunteering there. Since then, we’ve worked together nearly every weekend, growing vegetables and distributing them to local families in need. 

Margaret is an inspiring person. She leads with kindness, curiosity, and empathy and does everything with a smile. She’s a fantastic problem-solver as well. One summer, our garden had a bug infestation, and Margaret spent a weekend researching the problem and called upon the community to help get rid of the pests. She’s a valuable member of our group and neighborhood as a whole. 

I have no doubts about recommending her. Any team will be lucky to have someone with her work ethic and collaborative spirit. 

Please let me know if you have any further questions. You can call me on my cell phone anytime: [cell number]. 

Best regards, 

[Your name] 

A hiring manager might ask you for a reference for a specific position, but that doesn’t mean you can’t put in the effort beforehand. Here’s how to ask for a character reference and get a successful recommendation:

Be proactive: Ask for a letter of reference when you leave a job so you don’t have to do it later. You could request a professional recommendation, a character reference, or a more informal recommendation on your LinkedIn profile .

If you do give a pre-written letter to a hiring manager, inform the reference beforehand, confirm their contact information, and ask for a quick update that better reflects the job description. 

Prep your reference: Tell your character reference some key elements of the job you’re applying for, including the skills, experiences, and knowledge that your potential employer wants to see. If you can, remind them of specific experiences that might be beneficial to share.

Provide them with a template: If you have a specific type of letter in mind, share it with your reference. Send them tips for writing a professional email , or give them a character reference template to simplify the process.

They’ll appreciate the extra help if they don't have much experience writing professional letters.

Show gratitude: Taking the time to write a reference letter or answer a phone call is a kind gesture. Your reference is taking time out of their day to help you. Be sure to show your appreciation with a thank you note or personal phone call.

Character references are just one part of the job search, but they’re a key piece of the puzzle. A good character reference can assert your positive reputation, provide valuable insights about your personality, and convince a hiring manager that they’re making the right choice by hiring you. 

Think carefully about who can give the best recommendation for the job, coach them on what your potential employer is looking for, and let them support you in the job search. If you choose well and provide them with the right tools and resources, you’ll be one step closer to landing your dream job. 

Ace your job search

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Elizabeth Perry, ACC

Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

Drafting an effective reference request email

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How to Do Your References On Resume: Is It Important?

Written by Kal Dimitrov

Content Manager and Resume Expert

In This Guide:

Do you need to include references on resumes or not, how employers use references, how to ask for a reference, what if you have no references for a resume, how many references on your resume are good, how to send your reference list, how to list references on resume, key takeaways.

Quick Answer: Generally, no. Unless the job description explicitly requires references on your resume, it's better to omit them. This saves space, and you can provide the most relevant referees, determine their order, and give them a heads-up. Employers contact references on a resume mainly when on the shortlist. So, focus on creating a powerful resume, and use the saved space to showcase your achievements and qualifications.

Is your resume good enough?

Drop your resume here or choose a file . PDF & DOCX only. Max 2MB file size.

“References available upon request.”

Heard of this one?

The trite, superfluous phrase was all the rage decades ago. Nowadays, you’d barely find anyone that recommends it.

But what about actual references on resumes?

“Should I put references on my resume?” is a common question you may have even asked yourself at one point in your career.

At Enhancv , we strive to give you job search advice that gets results. We want your resume to cut through the noise and land you interviews.

Awesome! We’ll guide you through the perils of references on a resume.

In this article, we’ll answer everything you need to know:

• Do you need to include references on your resume or not?
• How employer use references
• How to ask for a reference
• What if you have no references for a resume?
• "How many references on your resume are good?"?
• How to send your reference list
• How to list references on a resume
• How to format references on a resume with Enhancv
• Key takeaways

If you’re wondering how to go about listing references on your resume, we got you covered.

Let’s dive in.

If you want to skip the entire article, you can browse proven resume examples for your job title by clicking below. You can see how it’s gotten professionals in your industry results and use it for your own job application!

See resume examples

You’re probably thinking: should I list references on my resume or not?

The general answer is no.

The truth is, you shouldn’t list them. “References” constitutes an obsolete resume section , for the most part. In other words, if you’ve written your resume sections correctly, they should answer the things the hiring manager would be looking for in your resume references in the first place.

The main purpose an employer uses references on a resume is to prove your resume isn’t a farce (we’ll look at this in more detail in the section).

Unless the job description explicitly requires you to do so, then you should be putting references on your resume. And, usually, that happens if you’re applying for legal or federal jobs.

Other than that, it’s a waste of valuable space.

Often, it’s better to leave references off your resume and let your prospective employer ask for them.

You’ll be in control of your reference list. That means you can choose the most relevant referees, determine their order on the list, and give them a heads-up.

Here’s the deal:

Your resume is your most powerful personal marketing tool. If your job search was an NBA team, your resume would be the MVP.

You should treat it as such.

When putting references on a resume, they’re normally placed near the end of the hiring process.

The majority of job ads don’t request references. Neither do hiring managers expect to see them during initial applications.

So, when are references appropriate?

Let’s see how it’s like on the other side.

Do employers even call your references?

According to a 2019 survey by HR.com , 96% of employers perform at least one type of background check. Referees vouch for your competence and character.

So, chances are they’re going to call one of yours, at a minimum.

Don’t fret, though, it’s a good sign if they do.

See, the bulk of employers do contact references on a resume (or a separate document) when you make the shortlist. It’s a common thing that happens when they’re about to send you an offer.

What do they ask your referees?

Mainly, employers are interested in making sure you’re the awesome candidate you seemed on paper and during the interview. They’ll want to know about things like your employment dates, performance on the job, work ethics, and why you left your previous employer.

It’s clear you need to choose your referees carefully.

And that leads up to…

Navigating the recruitment funnel is a bit like playing chess.

You must be a few moves ahead to have any chance of getting an offer. This goes for resume references too.

So, how do you go about requesting references for your resume?

Well, you need to:

• Determine who should be a reference on your resume;
• Follow reference-request etiquette.

Both steps are crucial to put the odds in your favor when applying for jobs.

Determine who should be a reference on your resume

How do you decide? Well, it depends on the circumstances.

Do you currently have a job? Maybe you’re interested in finding a more rewarding position or just seeing what’s out there.

In this case, don’t list your boss as a reference.

Doing so might put you at risk.

Although potential employers should request permission beforehand, you don’t want to take the chance of your employer knowing about your plans.

Are you in between jobs?

Then it’s fine if you list a previous employer as a reference. Only if you’re certain they’ll give you a glowing testimonial, though.

Either way, pick referees that put you in the best light possible.

For example, If you’re not on good terms with a previous supervisor, pick a coworker that would speak highly of you.

Avoid personal references as their opinions of you are biased. Go for professional references such as your current or former managers, colleagues, professors, and even customers. List the most recent, relevant references.

Normally, the hiring managers aren’t interested in referees you’ve worked with 15 years ago.

2. Follow reference-request etiquette

Okay, you know the who. But, what about the how?

What your referees say about you should closely match or improve upon what’s in your resume.

Naturally, this means being mindful of who’s on your reference list. You should have them on deck prior to sending job applications.

Here’s how you choose your references on a resume:

• Start with a big pool of potential references (managers, supervisors, colleagues, etc.)
• Narrow down the list to the most relevant and recent referees
• Whittle it down further to people you’re on good terms with
• Now pick the ones with a positive opinion of you
• Always go with the most eloquent referees

Done? Great!

Now, here’s how you ask someone to be your reference:

• Contact them well before applying for jobs so they can be prepared
• Touch base and tell them about your current situation
• Ask if they feel comfortable being your referee
• Let them take their time to get back to you

If they say no, thank them for their time, and move on to the next person.

If they say yes, though, show gratitude. Paint a clear picture of what they should expect as your references.

Send them your resume, the job you’re applying for, and any helpful details. Tell your referees that they may get a call, receive an email, or be asked to write a recommendation letter within a month or two.

Now, you know how to select referees and request references, which leaves us with another piece of the jigsaw.

That’s rare, like really rare.

It would be unfortunate, but don’t despair.

Most people you’ve worked or done business with make decent references. This doesn’t just apply to the professional work environment, it also works if you’re a student or a new college graduate.

(Side note: if this is your first time writing a job resume, you might find our separate guide here useful! )

As a quick recap, this includes:

• Business contacts

If you can’t get one professional reference, personal references work too.

These are people who can vouch for your character, which is becoming more important in the workforce today.

Can’t do that either?

Suggest a probation period or freelance work so you can prove yourself. This can be effective because you’re offering potentially great performance at minimal risk to the employer.

Whatever you do, don’t pay for someone to pose as your reference.

If possible, five. However, three references are the minimum.

Most jobs require one to three for a resume. But, it’s better if you had five to seven references, especially if you’re after executive or senior roles.

Whichever the number, the list of your references need to be in the order of relevance.

When deciding how to send your reference list, you can do so by either:

• Including a references section on the second page of your resume
• Create a separate document for your reference list – when asked, send it as an attachment in reply
• Use LinkedIn recommendations – the goal of references is credibility so, by including references along with testimonials, you give employers exactly what they want without having to compromise space on your resume

When putting references on a resume, make sure you don’t cramp or force things in. The reality is, resume references aren’t compulsory.

In fact, if you have a one-page resume , you’re better off leaving it out.

After all, it’s precious space. As we mentioned earlier, if your employers want to see references, make it clear by directly asking you to include them.

Your resume references aren’t the deciding factor for whether or not you land your next job position. That being said, there are right and wrong ways for listing your references on a resume.

In the case you want to include references, they should only be on the second page of your resume. Otherwise, as mentioned, completely omit them from your application in the first place.

So, what should the resume references section look like?

Basic references template for your resume

Going with a separate list? Here’s how you put it together.

The address is your referee’s, not their company’s. Make sure that every detail is current.

What to say in the description? Write a couple of lines stating your relationship with the person.

A little unsure? Here’s an example of a reference list in action:

1 Rocket Road

Hawthorne, California, 90250

(213) 555-5555

[email protected]

“Elon was my boss during my stint at SpaceX from 2007 to 2011. I was part of the team that launched the first privately funded, liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.”

Such a lucky break having Elon as your reference, right?

Things can be a lot less favorable…

The only disadvantage of using the same old resume template for references like this is that it’s generic . Since it’s traditional and the hiring managers are used to seeing it thousands of times, you won’t be making a strong impression.

Instead, we’ll show you a stronger alternative.

How to Format References On Resume With Enhancv

First, browse through Enhancv’s resume examples and grab a proven template for your job position.

Next, you’ll be taken to a page that guides you through how to create a resume for your specific industry. When you land on this page, click on the “use this example” button:

Now you have access to a proven resume template for your job position that’s gotten candidates like you hired. You’ll be inside Enhancv’s editor app which should look like this:

Once you’ve made it this far, you’re free to rephrase and change the information with your own details. Building a resume like this is much easier than starting on a blank canvas. To create a resume references section, you simply change the resume section heading to “references” and include them.

Here’s how this can look:

It’s really simple – just add their contact details. You’re free to add a short description but I don’t recommend it because space is sacred.

Besides, the information will be shown any through the relevant resume sections e.g. work experience if they’re done correctly.

When you highlight key details by using color, it improves the resume format since it’s easier to skim through. Not only do you save the hiring manager time by helping them find what they’re looking for, but they’ll notice the key details first.

Since references on a resume aren’t compulsory and they’re only really needed if the hiring managers ask for it, you should replace this section with something else.

One that’s more meaningful and leaves a stronger impression on your recruiter…

Let’s look at one custom resume section Sebastian has used from Enhancv on our business data analyst resume example:

Whilst your work experience section covers the results of your contribution, your achievements can also be used for emphasis.

For the record, achievements are only one of many other resume sections out there which you can use to showcase your skills or qualifications. You can change the heading to certifications or accomplishments – those work too.

Either way, this makes your success more significant.

On top of that, it’ll be a new type of resume for a recruiter to see. When employers see an applicant with a different type of application that’s modern and creative, it won’t be easy to forget who you are.

This is one reason why Enhancv’s modern resume templates excel at getting candidates hired in competitive job openings.

If employers want proof, that’s when they’ll ask you for a reference.

When this happens, you can rest assured you made better use of the space rather than including references.

This isn’t another plain, black and white, boring resume hiring managers see every day.

It’s different.

And, if you’re looking to stand out and get hired then I suggest you give this a try. Building a resume with Enhancv is easy and above all, it’s free.

What have you got to lose?

With the Enhancv resume builder , you can craft a resume that blows all other applicants out of the water. From design options to bullet and section suggestions and content writing tips, we’re here to help you land your dream job!

DO: include your references on your resume if it’s a clear job application requirement made by the hiring manager

DON’T: sacrifice space on your resume for a references section when it’s not necessary

Remember, it’s your resume application that gets your foot in the door. Not the one section based on your references – that’s not the deciding factor.

Your references on a resume is a treacherous path that looks deceivingly easy to transverse.

But, you need to know the who, when, how, and where to come up with a good reference list. And, as you’d expect it all starts with who your references are.

So, be sure to choose your references wisely.

Have you learned anything new from our guide? If you have any questions or anything you want to add, do let us know in the comments below!

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