- Español (Spanish)
Access presentations from different HIV-related organizations.
The Basics of HIV/AIDS
Oct 03, 2011
1.25k likes | 3.3k Views
The Basics of HIV/AIDS. Prepared by the HIV/AIDS/TB Program. What is HIV?. It stands for H uman I mmuno-deficiency V irus The virus attacks specific immune cells called CD4+ T-cells The virus high-jacks the host cell to produce more of itself, thus killing the host cell
Share Presentation
- nd hiv testing laws
- rapid test results
- american indian
- breastfeeding
- hiv aids tb program
- human immuno
Presentation Transcript
The Basics of HIV/AIDS Prepared by the HIV/AIDS/TB Program
What is HIV? • It stands for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus • The virus attacks specific immune cells called CD4+ T-cells • The virus high-jacks the host cell to produce more of itself, thus killing the host cell • The genetic material of the virus is integrated into the host cell DNA
What is AIDS? • It stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome • It is characterized by a distinct weakening of the immune system • AIDS is diagnosed when CD4+ T-cells are ≤ 200 cells per μL or ≤ 14%, or when an opportunistic infection (i.e. Tuberculosis) is diagnosed
Source: http://www.nwabr.org/education/pdfs/hiv_lifecycle.jpg
HIV Facts • Once infected with HIV, the virus never goes away • There is no cure for HIV yet, but medication can slow the progression of the disease • People do not die of HIV, they generally die from opportunistic infections because of their crippled immune system
Disease Progression Source: www.journaids.org
Blood Serum 1,000,000 125,000 Semen Vaginal Fluid AmnioticFluid 32,000 Saliva 1 7,000 4,000 1,000 Copies of HIV Particles in 1 mL of these body fluids How is HIV Transmitted? • Portals of Entry • Open wounds • Breaks in skin • Needle stick • Mucous membranes
Most Common Modes of Transmission • Sexual Contact • Male-to-male (MSM) • Heterosexual • Blood Exposure • Injecting drug use (IDU) • Occupational exposure • Organ transplant • Blood/blood products transfusion • Perinatal • Before or during birth • Breastfeeding
How HIV is NOT Transmitted • Hugging • Shaking hands • Sharing eating utensils • Touching toilet seats • Bug bites
What you can do to reduce your risk • Abstinence • Use barriers, such as condoms and dental dams • Limit the number of sexual partners • Do not share needles used by others, such as for drug use, tattooing, or piercing • Avoid exposure to blood products
HIV Testing • Screening tests • Orasure: detects HIV antibodies in oral fluid • Rapid test: detects HIV antibodies in blood from finger prick • Confirmatory tests • IFA: highly accurate detection of HIV antibodies from venous blood • Western blot: very specific detection of HIV antibodies from venous blood
Window Period Window Period 100% 90% Antibodies Detected Infection Occurs
HIV Testing in ND • Confidential • Free to at-risk individuals • Rapid test results available within 20 minutes • OraSure results available within one week • Testing sites located throughout the state • List of testing sites at www.ndhealth.gov/hiv or 1.800.70.NDHIV
ND HIV Testing Laws • Must have informed consent before testing, except for . . . • Mandatory testing of prison/jail inmates if incarcerated for more than 15 days, and • Mandatory testing of defendants charged with a sex offense • Children age 14 or older may be tested without parental consent
Worldwide HIV/AIDS Statistics • 33 million people living with HIV by the end of 2007 • 2.7 million people newly infected with HIV during 2007 • 2 million people died of AIDS during 2007 • 15 million orphans due to AIDS by the end of 2007
U.S. HIV/AIDS Statistics • By the end of 2006, about 1 million people had been diagnosed with AIDS in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. • By the end of 2006, 448,871 of these cases were still living, and 565,927of them had died. • The CDC estimates that 56,300 people were newly infected with HIV during 2006.
North Dakota HIV/AIDS Statistics As of December 31, 2008 • 441 Cumulative cases since 1984 • 37% had AIDS at HIV diagnosis • 84% are male • 77% are white, 11% are black, and 10% are American Indian • 51% are men who have sex with men (MSM), 18% had heterosexual relations, and 13% used injectable drugs (IDU)
Residency Status of HIV/AIDS Cases Reported, 1984-2008, n=441
Annual Number of HIV/AIDS Cases Diagnosed in ND, 1984-2008, n=265
Annual Number of New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND, 2004-2008, n=62
New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Gender, 2004-2008, n=62
New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Race/Ethnicity, 2004-2008, n=62
New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Mean Age, 2004-2008, n=62
Risk Factors Identified by New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses, 2004-2008, n=62
- More by User
DIGITAL AUDIO Basics and Overview
DIGITAL AUDIO Basics and Overview Digital Audio Signal Processing Syracuse University, Fall 2007 Instructor: Jayant Datta A day for BASICS Basics of Audio Interconnects Basics of Sampling Analog vs Digital + Aliasing + Quantization + Jitter + Dither Basics of Audio
1.14k views • 48 slides
Neuroradiology
Neuroradiology. Dr. Grant J. Linnell Fellow Montreal Neurological Hospital McGill University. CT Basics. Neuroradiology The BASICS of CT CT History Protocol Terminology Contrast Radiation Safety Cases . CT Basics. Neuroradiology The BASICS of CT CT History Protocol
1.96k views • 112 slides
adapting the ryan white hivaids program diagnostic compliance ...
561 views • 21 slides
Why is there still no effective HIV vaccine?
Why is there still no effective HIV vaccine?. Ken Legg MRC Clinical Trials Unit. Outline of presentation. Why is there still no effective HIV vaccine Brief history Why is it so difficult? Current situation What’s happening in UK? VaccNet volunteer network What it is
509 views • 18 slides
Basic Echocardiography
Basic Echocardiography. Selwyn Wong Middlemore Hospital. Echocardiography Basics. Ultrasound waves sent from chest wall. Echocardiography Basics. Two-dimensional imaging. Echocardiography Basics. Echocardiography Basics. Echocardiography Basics. Echocardiography Basics.
2.89k views • 54 slides
HIVAIDS,STIs and TB NSP OPERATIONAL PLAN 2012
2012-2016 HIV,STIs and TB NSP Strategic Objectives. Addressing social and structural barriers to HIV, STI and TB prevention, care and impactPreventing new HIV, STI and TB infectionsSustaining health and wellnessIncreasing the protection of human rights and improving access to justice.. 2. New NSP
170 views • 0 slides
Introducing . . . . Merillat Basics
Introducing . . . . Merillat Basics. Topics. New Category branded under Merillat 100/200 Series Name Changes Product Additions New color on Birch Phase Approach Architecture Changes Order Dates. Merillat Basics. 100/200 Series will find a home under: Merillat Basics
1.08k views • 23 slides
Biology Review Terms: Virtual Word Wall Unit 1
Biology Review Terms: Virtual Word Wall Unit 1. We have learned these… do you remember?. Unit 1: “The Basics”. Unit 1: The Basics. 1. Kilo-. Unit 1: The Basics. 1. 1000 one thousand. Unit 1: The Basics. 2. Hecto-. Unit 1: The Basics. 2. 100 one hundred. Unit 1: The Basics. 3. Deka-.
1.15k views • 56 slides
RPR Basics Class
RPR Basics Class. Welcome to RPR Basics !. This class covers : What is the RPR??? How to use the RPR With Sellers With Buyers How to create reports How to get your RPR account Home Page navigation How to Customize/Update your Profile Where to get help. Exclusive REALTOR® Access.
308 views • 11 slides
Web Basics. ~for you Web Literacy for Students. By: Kat Goldin. Book Basics. Book basics were introduced to you through the lessons called: “The Parts of a Book” during 6 th grade. . The places to find the author’s name, what a title page is, what is on a verso page
316 views • 9 slides
Regional Challenges & Opportunities
Regional Challenges & Opportunities. White House Office of National AIDS Policy Meeting on HIV in the Southern United States. Jen Kates, PhD. June 18, 2014. Vice President; Director, Global Health & HIV Policy Kaiser Family Foundation [email protected] http :// kff.org/hivaids .
233 views • 11 slides
The $100,000 Pyramid
The $100,000 Pyramid. Geometry Style. Math Foundations. Polygons. Lightning Round. Quadrilaterals. Formulas. Basics. Triangles. Parallel. Basics of Geometry. Describe for your partner these things 7 that are the ‘basics’ of geometry in 60 seconds or less. Basics. Point Plane
358 views • 18 slides
Back to Basics
Back to Basics. Part 1. WHAT BASICS?. Hardware Standard Software Terminology. HARDWARE. ON THE OUTSIDE. Screen Keyboard Pointing Device – Mouse and/or Touchpad. ON THE OUTSIDE. ON THE OUTSIDE. Most Computers also have: Microphone – may be built-in or separate
469 views • 29 slides
Back to the Basics
Purdue iGEM 2013. Back to the Basics. The Biomakers. Back to the Basics. What Do W e M ean? Complex Projects Lack of Fundamental Control. The Taguchi Method. Cheaper, Faster Characterization. Explanation of Problem. Increase Robustness of Genetic Circuits
949 views • 53 slides
e-Learning Project Management
e-Learning Project Management. Brian Popken. Introduction and Overview. Introduction PM Basics Step 1: Initiating PM Basics Step 2: Planning PM Basics Step 3: Executing and Controlling PM Basics Step 4: Closing Recommendations Summary.
451 views • 27 slides
Nigeria Case Study
Nigeria Case Study. HIVAIDS Specific Slides. Analyzing and Interpreting Data. Are ANC clinics reaching their coverage targets for testing and counseling?. Are facilities reaching coverage targets?. Additional Questions. Which facility is performing better/worse than expected?
357 views • 23 slides
Basics of Blogging
Basics of Blogging. Personal and Classroom Applications. Basics of Blogging. blog-0-rama. WebLog. bloggers. blogosphere. edublog. blogmania. blogging. Basics of Blogging. Introduction to Blogs What is a blog? Current state of the blog-o-sphere.
550 views • 21 slides
Map Basics. GEOG 370 Christine Erlien, Instructor. Map Basics. Maps as a language Symbolization Scale Simplification/generalization Grid systems Projections. Value of Maps. Way to record & store information Way to analyze locational distributions & spatial patterns
1.01k views • 41 slides
ANSYS Basics
Module 3. ANSYS Basics. ANSYS Basics. In this chapter, we will discuss the basics of how to enter and exit ANSYS, how to use the GUI and on-line help, and the database and files created by ANSYS. Topics Covered: A. Starting ANSYS B. The GUI C. Graphics & Picking D. On-Line Help
1.37k views • 44 slides
The introductory statement in the question indicates: The data set to use (2001WorldFactBook)
The introductory statement in the question indicates: The data set to use (2001WorldFactBook) The task to accomplish (association between variables) The variables to use in the analysis: percent of the total population who was literate [literacy] HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate [hivaids].
392 views • 19 slides
IMAGES
VIDEO